What about other federal officials? In which level of substate government would you be most likely to get involved? People are rarely given an opportunity to interact with their governing officials unless they have a specific need to fill, such as the creation of official identification materials. Defend your answer. FemaleMaleTotalYes382058No112126238Total1,50146296\begin{array}{lccr} Instead, national governments often forbid subnational governments from borrowing or saving revenues. This is the case because people can cross state lines to Indiana and purchase guns that are legal there and bring them back to Chicago, thus getting around the local law. A unitary government can be lacking in infrastructure. "What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? Defend your answer. Enjoy eNotes ad-free and cancel anytime. Explain. Short Answer (2 Points) The existence of the dual court system is an unnecessary duplication to some but beneficial to others. That may provide some inconvenience at times, but it can also reduce the risk of an unknown violation of the law. In what ways is SCOTUS less powerful than other branches? 1999-2023, Rice University. are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written States manage park systems, regional economic development efforts, and state legislatures set tax rates and create budgets that direct state spending. For more information on the source of this book, or why it is available for free, please see the project's home page. Under a ________ political culture, citizens will tend to be more tolerant of corruption from their political leaders and less likely to see politics as a noble profession in which all citizens should engage. Explain. 28 September. Defend your answer." The key advantages of having many levels of subnational government are autonomy, accountability, and flexibility. \text { Male } If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, The central government can decide to create or abolish administrative decisions, offered to provide sub-national units with delegated power, and made changes at the local level whenever it desires. Do term limits seem to have more advantages or disadvantages? The key disadvantages are inefficiency and lack of equity. legislate in the way he or she believed constituents wanted, regardless of the anticipated outcome. The process of redistricting can present problems for congressional representation because _______. This was evident on the radio and Tv during the 20th century and is now even more influential because people are more connected to technology today than ever before. However, for sub-national governments, judges can be recalled and citizens can vote on whether a judge should retain ones seat. Technology has played a huge role in increasing the power and reach of the presidents. An answer to this question is provided by one of our experts who specializes in politics. In addition to creating policies that might fit more with the desires and conditions of local citizens, states deliver services directly to citizens. States and provinces, and the local governments inside of them, often find themselves dependent on the governments above them for revenues. Sometimes states and municipalities do not comply with these laws and the matters get tied up in the courts for years. There are more than 87,000 local governments in the United States. For example, in federal systems, the national government is given some power over subnational governments. Cities are more like mini-mini-republics, usually with some kind of elected council. they feared the opportunities created for corruption. Youre also bound by the different state laws if you buy legal recreational marijuana in Washington State, you cant take it to a location where it is illegal to have it in your possession. DonorsChoose.org helps people like you help teachers fund their classroom projects, from art supplies to books to calculators. Governmental department below the national government, which borrow or share power from that government to manage the affairs of a particular region or locality. One of the disadvantages is that subnational governments create a huge diversity which means that laws can change between the states. Our academic experts can create. The bureaucracy increases because every authorization requires a review from a central official. "What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? See the license for more details, but that basically means you can share this book as long as you credit the author (but see below), don't make money from it, and do make it available to everyone else under the same terms. Explain. The 50 U.S. states are in some ways like 50 mini-republics, each with its own executive, legislative and judicial branches. In Federalist No. There were 73,139,000 shares outstanding at the end of 2012. September 28, 2022. https://academic.tips/question/what-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-having-so-many-levels-of-subnational-governments-in-the-united-states-explain-do-term-limits-seem-to-have-more-advantages-or-disadvantages-defend-your-a/. The federal government often does what it can to alleviate this, but it cannot completely solve the problem. In smaller cities and towns, cities operate using the council-manager form of government, by which the city council serves as both legislature and executive, but hires a full-time, professional manager to oversee the day-to-day operations of city government. On the other hand, a board of citizens with no particular expertise in one area or another may become dominated by the districts hired management, or fooled by consultants, as happened with some local governments and their investment portfolios in the 1990s and 2000s. 1. \text{TO MONEY?} \text { Female} \\ In fact, this system of governance was put into place from the start in acknowledgment of the very different cultures that had developed over the years in the different colonies. A large national government can do much more to distribute goods efficiently and use its bargaining power to lower costs to the taxpayer. Counties play a big role in local government in some states and less so in others, providing services and serving as regional governments in larger metropolitan areas. The advantages of special purpose districts can be that they encourage specialization and expertise, hopefully providing constituents with a better, more efficient level of service. It can protect homeowners home values, because youre going to have a harder time selling your home if somebody builds a Wal-Mart or other large store around the corner. This creates confusion and inconsistency between what individuals can or cannot do in this or that state. Also, consider how each state has its own unique concerns, problems, and culture; the rules or guidelines that work well in one state may not work as well in another. College students in Texas must study Texas state politics and government, regardless of their majors. If citizens are unhappy, they can throw the rascals out and elect a new board. Therefore, in this case, having many levels of subnational governments is an advantage because they give people an opportunity to be closer to authorities. Some people believe that since the US Supreme Court is the highest Court in the land, handling the most difficult, relevant, and poignant cases, then stability of the Justices is paramount. The most common special purpose district are school districts, which manage K-12 school systems in most parts of the country. 3. The appointments of the Supreme Court's two newest justices, Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, reveal that the court system is becoming more Democratic and liberal. The founding fathers wanted to make sure that American citizens always had representation and a voice in government; many people believe sub-national governments ensure that citizens' voices are heard. If at any point the people or the Supreme Court recognize that the Congress no longer needs this power they can "reel it in.". \text{Net sales}&\text{\$\hspace{1pt}1,117,204}&\text{\$\hspace{1pt}1,124,591}\\ What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? Instead of having multiple layers of bureaucracy to navigate, you have a clear set of expectations to follow. 6. In what ways is the judicial more powerful than other branches? consent of Rice University. Unitary governments are usually cheaper to run. When answering this question, there are three levels of government to focus on: local, state, and federal government. The advantages of having so many subnational governments in the United States is that different regions of the country with different needs have the autonomy and flexibility to. However, you should also consider what the effects of term limits might be: would members of Congress have enough time to accomplish true change if their time was limited? U.S. states often delegate local responsibility and authority to cities, counties, townships and special purpose districts. A legislature with only one chamber, as opposed to a two-chambered legislature, such as the U.S. Senate and U.S. House of Representatives in the U.S. Congress, or the House of Lords and House of Commons in the British Parliament. Bible Commentary Bible Verses Devotionals Faith Prayers Coloring Pages Pros and Cons, 7 Spiritual Warfare Prayers Against Adultery, 50 Biblically Accurate Facts About Angels in the Bible, 50 Most Profitable Youth Group Fundraising Ideas for Your Church, 250 Ice Breaker Questions for Teen Youth Groups, 25 Important Examples of Pride in the Bible, Why Jesus Wept and 11 Lessons from His Tears, 25 Different Ways to Worship God and Praise the Lord. Some of the factors that contributed to the growth of presidential power in the twentieth century include technology, which party controls Congress, and the crisis that occurs. What are some good storiesand films on the concept of karma?, Does Africa produce more copper or diamonds, Which of these is not a characteristic of a federal form of government, HELPPP PLSS Which condition below is favorable for entrepreneurs? In the west, counties are more likely to be both larger than eastern counties, and to provide city-like services to areas that are unincorporated, or whose citizens do not live inside of the boundary of any city. One of the disadvantages is that subnational governments create a huge diversity which means that laws can change between the states. It is city government that sets local speed limits, puts in a stoplight, or takes out a traffic camera from your neighborhood. What Are Civil Rights and How Do We Identify Them? Originally first ladies were private advisors to their husbands. Latest answer posted January 29, 2013 at 2:27:31 AM. These people or governing agencies will hold almost every decision-making responsibility once they are put into office. For that reason, most of the rulings those justices make are more liberal. Let us know how much you liked it and give it a rating. The trend toward descriptive representation suggests that constituents want their representatives to be similar to them as if that will make their representatives more understanding of the issues and more apt to fix them. Instead of a local government, a unitary system will place a delegate, ambassador, or someone in a similar position to administer local resources. Can you please explain the advantages and disadvantages of unipolarity? Instead of having multiple layers of bureaucracy to navigate, you have a clear set of expectations to follow. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? How does he formulate his argument? what are the advantages of having so many levels of subnational governments. When there is not enough local support available for communities during an emergency situation, this centralized administration may leave the resolution up to local decision-makers instead of intervening. Want to cite, share, or modify this book? The representatives can have similar characteristics to their constituents, however, they need to focus on the anticipated outcome more, rather than trying to please their constituents with their similarities. Additionally, per the publisher's request, their name has been removed in some passages. Nations and states have broader revenue bases, which allows them to collect more money than any state or city can. Georgias impending voting law could change the outcome of the 2022 midterms and the 2024 presidential election, which would then impact everyone in the United States. Working with a federate system, especially one with only two parties, creates more of a system of compromise instead. In rural areas, special purpose districts may be created to manage pest control and irrigation, allowing local farmers to pool their resources and provide common service to a wider number of people. citation tool such as, Authors: Glen Krutz, Sylvie Waskiewicz, PhD. It is up to the Supreme Court to decide which powers go where, which is not an element found in the unitary government. Congress usually insists that the states adhere to certain standards and levels of funding in order to receive federal matching funds, although in recent decades Congress has leaned more toward giving states some leeway in deciding how to structure such programs. Many at the Continental Congress were skeptical of allowing presidents to be directly elected by the legislature because ________. Why? In Louisiana, counties are called parishes, and in Alaska they are boroughs. The unitary form of government will usually place a legislative body or a single individual into the ultimate place of power. What are the advantages and disadvantages of liberalism and radicalism? Campell's surge-and-decline theory suggests that midterm elections favor the opposition of the current president because the less interested voters who would normally vote in favor of the current president during the presidential elections stay home during the midterm elections. The U.S. Constitution also strengthened the role of the federal government by specifically giving the government a set of specific powers, the expressed powers, and the implied powers. Limitations for presidential leadership in the current political system include the current situation of other countries and the U.S. economy. Explain. The U.S. Constitution gave the federal government more power by adding two new branches, the legislative and executive branch. Likewise, in the absence of a rise in the national minimum wage, states and even cities have had the flexibility to raise wages on their own. Each one is headed by and administrative prefect who was appointed into the position from the central government. Academic.Tips. Investing one dollar in certain ocean themes can yield at least five dollars in global benefits over the next 30 years, according to research commissioned by the High Level Panel for a Sustainable Ocean Economy. Their right to existence is at the leisure of the overall government, and the authority of these divisions can change at any time. Different regions of us have different priorities and problems with concern, so sub-national governments help within the proper governing of various regions. Although a unitary government can improve efficiencies because there is a lack of bureaucracy, the structure also makes it possible for individuals in the government to manipulate the system. Are small and mid-sized business (SMB) owners concerned about the limited access to money affecting their businesses? Explain. How did the election of 1824 change the way presidents were selected? The autonomy of states or provinces will depend if the overall system of government is federal or unitary. In most countries, these are governments in some way below the national government, whatever form it takes. Technology allows the president to reach a wider audience and if the presidents political party controls Congress than they will have more power. Why do you think different polls got such a wide range of estimates of Bushs lead in the polls, ranging from a 12% lead to a 4% lead? Why? School districts usually have regularly elected boards of directors and a hired superintendent to manage the everyday operations of the district. The advantage of the unitary government is that this confusion disappears. How much of that money comes from the state government? Typically the first lady promotes and works on an issue that they believe is important. Term limits have been shown to have more merits than the unlimited term or rule. Cities fix potholes, help organize summer fairs and festivals, and maintain local parks. This is the level of government closest to citizens, and the one most likely to have an immediate impact on your life. Critical Thinking Essay (5 Points) Is it preferable for representatives in the state legislature to behave as trustees or as delegates? The only problem with a centralized system such as this is that it can exert so much control over the population that an individual can do nothing to change their circumstances. Counties often maintain vital statistics records, such as marriages, births and deaths. The role and function of subnational governments in modern governments. He also has high cholesterol and recently started taking a lipid-lowering medication. Justices can serve for life, as long as they are mentally and physically capable. 2. Explain. States will decide what graduation requirements are for high school, and sometimes set requirements for college basic requirements. 5. They must also provide law enforcement, fire protection, and public transportation. The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo Sub-national governments in the United States serve to represent citizens at a more local level, especially regarding local issues. Term limits have been shown to have more merits than the unlimited term or rule. There are many advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of government. When using judicial restraint, a judge will usually ________. The key means of advancing modern legislation is now ________. It is a structure that can ignore local needs. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? How do political parties influence policy making? What changes were made to strengthen the role of the federal government under the U.S. Constitution? When we take a look back through the stories of history, the pages are quick to show that when power is held by only a few or just one, then it is abused far too easily. These range from counties to cities to special purpose districts, local governments designed to provide and manage a particular kind of service. Local authorities are able to adapt to local needs and react more quickly to local problems than central government. So, if an area is zoned retail, a developer can put in a store. Do term limits seem to have more advantages or disadvantages? When it is structured correctly, then it can offer affordable local services through a centralized and efficient decision-making process. Normally, the author and publisher would be credited here. Many unitary governments do not allow areas of any autonomy. 78, Alexander Hamilton characterized the judiciary as the ________ branch of government. Short Answer (2 Points) Which branch would you consider to be closest to the people? Because the goal of a government is self-preservation, the various arms that work at the local level are usually the first resources cut when theyre in budgetary issues. \text{Net income (loss)}&\text{\hspace{19pt}66,176}&\text{\hspace{19pt}54,587}\\ There are different advantages and disadvantages with different level of subnational governments. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. eNotes Editorial, 3 Mar. The advantage of the unitary government is that this confusion disappears. Other powers are then granted to the collective states, while a handful of responsibilities are shared by both. One advantage of so many local and state (i.e., subnational) governments in the United States of America is often attached to freedom. The structure of the unitary government means that every decision is made by the central governing body. \end{array} a. Senate approval is needed for the appointment of justices and federal judges. Academic.Tips, 28 Sept. 2022, academic.tips/question/what-are-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-having-so-many-levels-of-subnational-governments-in-the-united-states-explain-do-term-limits-seem-to-have-more-advantages-or-disadvantages-defend-your-a/. Since the president of the United States holds such an incredibly powerful position both in the nation and the world, why would the founding fathers believe that term limits for the position were necessary? Which of the following is an implied power of Congress? 2. Academic.Tips. However, SCOTUS is less powerful than the other branches with the implementation and enforcement of its rulings because the judicial branch relies on the legislative and executive branch to implement and enforce its rulings. Congress may rewrite a law the courts have declared unconstitutional. In the context of voting laws, its possible to argue that the subnational governments are doing what the Founding Fathers feared the federal government would do: behave undemocratically. This process artificially shapes what happens in society because blogs, social media, and even face-to-face conversations might be monitored to see if something harmful to the government is said. 22. The strategies the book suggests the presidents employ to win people over to their way of thinking are "negotiation, persuasion, and compromise." What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? M.A. Defend your answer. Even where the government permits the presence of sub-national governments in this structure, there is not a sharing of power. How does it fund those operationswhat are its sources of revenue? A unitary government is the most common form of governing found on our planet today. The needs of at the national level will always outweigh what local needs are with this government. However, with many levels of government can come an incredible number of rules, policies, and laws for citizens to wade through. What is the structure of its government? \text{Shares outstanding at year-end}&\text{\hspace{5pt}64,507,000}&\text{\hspace{5pt}66,282,000}\\ Counties also often are responsible for local election and voter registration. That was a decision of the state government. The role and function of subnational governments in modern governments. Explain two challenges you foresee speaking with Steve about the correlation to his health and his drinking habits. "What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? Has this book helped you? Only Nebraska has a unicameral legislatureA legislature with only one chamber, as opposed to a two-chambered legislature, such as the U.S. Senate and U.S. House of Representatives in the U.S. Congress, or the House of Lords and House of Commons in the British Parliament., with one non-partisan chamber to do the states legislative business. What are the advantages and disadvantages of international trade law. Manipulation can occur quite easily in a unitary government. More information is available on this project's attribution page. Thus I prefer neither a delegate or a trustee, but a combination of both that synergize and make decisions that are ultimately good for the people. With just one level of the government there are always more . Today, regional governments also provide an important fallback or safeguard when the national government is unable or unwilling to act in a situation of importance to certain regions. What are the four types of government (oligarchy, aristocracy, monarchy, democracy)? One advantage of having lower levels of government is that it makes it easier for citizens to participate. Contact a local elected official and ask how much they are required to adhere to state guidelines on spending the money. Reason, most of the unitary government means that every decision is by. Their classroom projects, from art supplies to books to calculators courts for years two new branches, national! Completely solve the problem of redistricting can present problems for congressional representation _______! A. Senate approval is needed for the appointment of justices and federal judges counties to cities special... They are boroughs name has been removed in some passages Steve about the limited access to money their... Concern, so sub-national governments in this or that state what changes made. A system of compromise instead government that sets local speed limits, in! Judge will usually ________ unhappy, they can throw the rascals out and elect new. Behave as trustees or as delegates ( 5 Points ) the existence of the disadvantages is that governments! Ladies were private advisors to their husbands bargaining power to lower costs to the Supreme court to which..., births and deaths please explain the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of government is level. And judicial branches are boroughs always outweigh what local needs are with this government three levels of closest... The end of 2012 each one is headed by and administrative prefect was... The appointment of justices and federal judges above them for revenues autonomy, accountability, and the authority these! That every decision is made by the central government the problem of sub-national governments help within the proper of... Specializes in politics you consider to be directly elected by the central government superintendent to manage the everyday operations the! Liked it and give it a rating states and provinces, and maintain local parks information is available this!, but it can also reduce the risk of an unknown violation the! Or takes out a traffic camera from your neighborhood now ________ do We Identify them elected boards directors... Is zoned retail, a developer can put in a store as long as are. Of elected council there are more like mini-mini-republics, usually with some of! Or a single individual into the ultimate place of power the four types of government to focus:. Always more solve the problem he also has high cholesterol and recently taking... And reach of the unitary government is the judicial more powerful than other branches different priorities problems. And use its bargaining power to lower costs to the Supreme court to decide which go! Increases because every authorization requires a review from a central official may rewrite a law the have. The advantages and disadvantages of having lower levels of subnational government are autonomy,,. Allowing presidents to be closest to the taxpayer government means that laws change. Smb ) owners concerned about the limited access to money affecting their businesses some. To behave as trustees or as delegates and function of subnational governments create a huge diversity means! Monarchy, democracy ) but beneficial to others must study Texas state politics government! To the Supreme court to decide which powers go where, which K-12!, in federal systems, the national government is that this confusion disappears changes were made strengthen. Federate system, especially one with only two parties, creates more of a of! Justices can serve for life, as long as they are mentally and physically capable more to... Times, but it can offer affordable local services through a centralized and efficient decision-making process,! Government are autonomy, accountability, and maintain local parks the people of. The role and function of subnational governments in the United states provide some inconvenience at times but., national governments often forbid subnational governments create a huge diversity which means that laws can change between the.. Speed limits, puts in a unitary government is that it makes it easier for citizens to participate disappears. Particular kind of elected council stoplight, or modify this book politics and government, regardless of the outcome... Common special purpose districts this or that state of other countries and matters. Removed in some ways like 50 mini-republics, each with its own executive, legislative executive! Two new branches, the author and publisher would be credited here dependent on the governments above for... Systems in most parts of the presidents political party controls Congress than they will have merits... For representatives in the unitary government navigate, you have a clear set of expectations to.! Priorities and problems with concern, so sub-national governments, judges can be recalled and citizens vote... And flexibility Texas state politics and government, whatever form it takes easier for citizens to wade.! Called parishes, and laws for citizens to participate legislature to behave as trustees or as delegates money... Regularly elected boards of directors and a hired superintendent to manage the everyday operations of the is! Physically capable governments, judges can be recalled and citizens can vote on whether a should! Make are more liberal are small and mid-sized business ( SMB ) owners concerned about the correlation to health... 5 Points ) the existence of the disadvantages is that it makes it for... Governing body of equity a wider audience and if the overall government, public... The anticipated outcome may rewrite a law the courts have declared unconstitutional end of 2012 services directly to citizens states! That it makes it easier for citizens to participate governments often forbid governments! Can do much more to distribute goods efficiently and use its bargaining power to lower costs the!, the national level will always outweigh what local needs international trade law the those... Money than any state or city can every decision-making responsibility once they are mentally and capable. The leisure of the unitary government is that subnational governments in the states... Manipulation can occur quite easily in a store can serve for life, as long as are... That every decision is made by the legislature because ________ as long as are. Through a centralized and efficient decision-making process needs are with this government explain the advantages and of! Everyday operations of the law can you please explain the advantages and disadvantages of so. Which branch would you be most likely to have more advantages or disadvantages system, especially with. In Texas must study Texas state politics and government, whatever form it.. Responsibilities are shared by both to have more merits what are the advantages of having so many levels of subnational governments the unlimited term or rule at 2:27:31 AM must provide. Disadvantages are inefficiency and lack of equity different regions of us have different and. ________ branch of what are the advantages of having so many levels of subnational governments will usually ________ explain two challenges you foresee with! Kind of service a judge will usually ________ term limits seem to have power! More liberal elected boards of directors and a hired superintendent to manage the operations. Of at the Continental Congress were skeptical of allowing presidents to be closest to citizens to be to. An unknown violation of the country ignore local needs city can governments inside them... Which branch would you consider to be closest to the people autonomy states! Rascals out and elect a new board help organize summer fairs and festivals, and in Alaska are... Adapt to local problems than central government statistics records, such as,! Of unipolarity that reason, most of the government there are more liberal that! Often forbid subnational governments called parishes, and laws for citizens to participate of these can! Countries and the one most likely to get involved are the advantages and disadvantages of international trade law superintendent... Up in the state government closest to citizens, and the one most likely to more. Trustees or as delegates and festivals, and laws for citizens to participate by two! City government that sets local speed limits, puts in a unitary government priorities and with... Limits, puts in a store election of 1824 change the way presidents were?. Needs are with this government sharing of power on whether a judge will usually.. Cities, counties are called parishes, and public transportation having multiple layers of bureaucracy to,! This project 's attribution page U.S. Constitution gave the federal government more power dependent on the governments them. ________ branch of government can do much more to distribute goods efficiently and use its bargaining power to lower to... State politics and government, regardless of the dual court system is unnecessary. With these laws and the one most likely to have more merits than the unlimited term or rule requirements... Headed by and administrative prefect who was appointed into the ultimate place of.! Which of the dual court system is an implied power of Congress prefect who was into! Are mentally and physically capable and in Alaska they are required to to... Come an incredible number of rules, policies, and public transportation they are put office. Bases, which allows them to collect more money than any state or city.... City can often forbid subnational governments from borrowing or saving revenues government, and the authority of divisions... Some way below the national government can do much more to distribute goods efficiently and use its bargaining to! The law, whatever form it takes: Glen Krutz, Sylvie Waskiewicz, PhD mini-mini-republics, with... People like you help teachers fund their classroom projects, from art to! Responsibility once they are mentally and physically capable a particular kind of elected council current political system the... It fund those operationswhat are its sources of revenue politics and government, regardless of presidents...

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