(Water-soluble markers may wash off with freezing and transport.) 11. WebSerum Preparation. Postprandial glucose may be performed two hours after a meal for a timed test that is helpful in diabetes detection. The test request form and all specimens are sent in one container (box or plastic specimen transport bag). These include red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells, and other components. When the blood clots, a serum sample is taken from the test tube. Serum is the fluid obtained when whole blood clots, as it will do spontaneously when it contacts a surface such as glass or plastic. Careful attention to routine procedures can eliminate most of the potential problems related to specimen collection. It is important to separate the cellular and liquid portions of a blood specimen as soon as possible when the test requires a sample of serum or plasma. Normal serum (far left) followed by icteric specimens ranging from 1+ to 4+, In all specimens, the normal serum is shown on the left, followed by the abnormal serum specimens; 1) Jaundice/Icterus, 2) Lipemia, 3) Hemolysis; http://clinical-laboratory.blogspot.com/2013/06/preventing-pre-analytical-errors.html. endobj Blue-top tube (also light blue-top tube): Contains sodium citrate. Drug interference is complicated and often method-dependent such that only general recommendations can be stated here. For lockbox instructions and Q&A, selectInstructions for Use. Red-top tube: Contains no anticoagulant or preservative.

Materials for proper specimen collection and transport are supplied by LabCorp. Do not disturb the cell layer or carry any cells over into the pipette. Spreader slide pushed across the slide in a jerky manner. The primary dietary sources of lipids (fatty substances) are meats, butter, cream, and cheese. This applies to both the last tube collected during a routine venipuncture and to tubes collected during a difficult procedure. Labcorp sometimes offers reduced fees for serial tests when the following conditions are met: Monitoring a patient over time for a specific condition is a variation of sequential sampling. Click hereto learn more. The major (solid) components of blood are: Carry iron, which binds to oxygen and carries oxygen, Mature RBCs lack a nucleus and organelles, Marked by glycoprotein receptors, including those responsible for blood type, Packed RBCs in fractionated blood are the hematocrit (about 45% of the fractionated blood), Platelets (the little tiny purple spheres between the red and white blood cells) (thrombocytes), Aid in the clotting or coagulation of blood. 10. Separate serum from red cells within two hours of venipuncture. WebSerum Preparation. The most common timed procedure is a glucose tolerance test. After collection of the whole blood, allow the blood to clot by leaving it undisturbed at room temperature. When people donate blood for therapeutic purposes (e.g., in life-saving transfusions), the collecting agency does its best to use the blood within a month. The insoluble protein can be collected by centrifugation. To ensure specimen integrity during warm weather, follow theseInstructions for Useof frozen gel packs and specimen lockboxes. Do. Labs usually have time limits on how long serum or plasma can remain in touch with the red blood cells before being physically separatedusually by pouring off into another tubewhile maintaining the identity of the patient from whom the blood was taken. Collect in an appropriate collection tube. Blood fractionation is the process of fractionating whole blood, or separating it into its component parts.

0000014326 00000 n When more than one blood specimen is required, multiple sample needles and vacuum tubes make blood collection simpler and more efficient. WebAfter collection of the whole blood, allow the blood to clot by leaving it undisturbed at room temperature. Adhere to the following steps when using a gel-barrier tube. Depending on the need of the patient, either the RBCs, the plasma, or both can be transfused. When there is difficulty accessing a vein or when a vacuum tube fills too slowly due to a difficult venipuncture, damage to the red blood cells may result. For routine collections, use a 21- to 22-gauge needle. Plasma is produced when whole blood is collected in tubes that are treated with an anticoagulant. 4. Remove the clot by centrifuging at 1,0002,000 x g for 10 minutes in a refrigerated centrifuge. Blood samples should be centrifuged within 45 minutes to two hours depending on the test(s). To avoid this problem, whole blood is the preferred sample for measuring immunosuppressant drugs. Many medications have been shown to have long-term residual effects that interfere with testing. Gel-barrier (mottled red/gray, gold, or cherry red-top) tubes contain clot activator and gel for separating serum from cells but include no anticoagulant. Correct diagnostic and therapeutic decisions rely, in part, on the accuracy of test results. To ensure accurate test results, all tubes containing an anticoagulant or preservative must be allowed to fill completely. Mix by inverting specimen with additive immediately after collection. Serum Preparation From Red-top Tube.

WebDraw 12 mL of whole blood for each 5 mL of serum or plasma needed. WebRed top tubes must be allowed to clot completely (30-60 minutes) prior to centrifugation. Plasma proteins are separated by using the inherent differences of each protein. Collect blood in room temperature containers unless the specimen requirement specifies otherwise. It is important to separate the cellular and liquid portions of a blood specimen as soon as possible when the test requires a sample of serum or plasma. It is important to avoid freeze-thaw cycles. WebAfter collection of the whole blood, allow the blood to clot by leaving it undisturbed at room temperature. Multiple Specimens. Separate plasma from cells within two hours of venipuncture or as indicated in the test requirements. A separate frozen sample must be submitted for each test requiring a frozen specimen. (Minimum clotting time is 30 minutes for patients with an intact clotting process. Plasma Preparation Tube (PPT): Contains EDTA. The distribution of the cells, as well as their morphology, can be altered by poor slide preparation. Whether youre developing a blood collection device or a blood-based LFA, save valuable time with the DCNovationsBlood Collection/Separation Materials Kit. Plastic tubes can be frozen at -80C without risk of breakage. Label the specimen appropriately (see Specimen Containers). Quattrocchi F,Karnes HT,Robinson JD,Hendeles L.,Ther Drug Monit. When you go to the doctor and they collect your blood, sometimes they spin down your blood to separate it into 3 different parts or layers that they can test for various things. Rapid wrist motion or vigorous shaking may contribute to hemolysis. Assuming that a certain sample type will work in a given assay without proper validation is poor science and may elicit an unfavorable response from customers and regulatory agencies. Allow centrifuge to come to a complete stop before attempting to remove tubes. Do not pour off; use transfer pipette. Refer to individual test descriptions for specific information. Clotting is pre-programmed into the components of blood to prevent excessive blood loss from a minor wound. Use: Sodium citrate plasma. 0000029600 00000 n Remove the tube carefully without disturbing the contents. Plasmas are also not interchangeable. Consequently, postprandial blood (blood drawn after a meal) is not suitable for some chemistry tests. The accuracy of test results is dependent on the integrity of specimens. [2][3] Human serum albumin prepared by this process is used in some vaccines, for treating burn victims, and other medical applications. Thermo Fisher Scientific. Also, never leave a tourniquet on the arm for more than one minute without releasing it. 0000025995 00000 n Please login to Labcorp Link topay your bill. Following centrifugation, it is important to immediately transfer the liquid component (serum) into a clean polypropylene tube using a Pasteur pipette. Therapeutic monitoring of patients on medication. There are other times when gel-barrier tubes should not be used. Caution is advised in using these SSTs with hydrophobic analytes such as some drugs. Note: Please examine specimen collection and transportation supplies to be sure they do not include expired containers. Collect in an appropriate collection tube. While some analytes may give similar results, equivalence can only be ensured by testing matched samples. Clotting Clotting instructions: non-additive tube (red stopper) 60 minutes. If any preservative powder is visible, continue inverting the tube slowly until the powder is dissolved. <> All tubes should be labeled with the patient's full name or identification number as it appears on the test request form or affix bar code. The tube will retract below the guideline. Labs & Appointments Toggle Labs & Appointments, Billing & Insurance Toggle Billing & Insurance, Diseases & Conditions Toggle Diseases & Conditions, OnDemand Testing Toggle OnDemand Testing, Testing by Disease & Condition Toggle Testing by Disease & Condition, Testing & Services For Toggle Testing & Services For, Hospitals & Physician Systems Toggle Hospitals & Physician Systems, Managed Care Health Plans Toggle Managed Care Health Plans, Lab Data Integrations & Tools Toggle Lab Data Integrations & Tools, Employee Wellness & Testing Toggle Employee Wellness & Testing, Government & Education Toggle Government & Education, Therapeutic Indications Toggle Therapeutic Indications, Development Phase Toggle Development Phase, Compounds & Molecules Toggle Compounds & Molecules. Place the tube(s) in a designated freezer. Indicate type of anticoagulant (eg, EDTA, citrate, etc). If you are the developer of an assay, you should validate the use of the sample types you believe will be used in the assay. If blood is drawn for routine hematology, prepare the blood films (blood smears) immediately after collection. After centrifugation, the gel forms a barrier

Allow specimens collected in a clot tube (eg, red-top or gel-barrier tube) to clot before centrifugation. Indicate contents of tube on label (serum, plasma, etc).

<> Send whole blood in a yellow-top tube. Failure to invert tubes may lead to the formation of microscopic clots. Operate the centrifuge for no more than 10 minutes at the speed recommended by the manufacturer. After drawing blood, observe proper venipuncture techniques to prevent continued bleeding and/or hematoma. 2023 Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings.

Make sure the tube is clearly labeled with all pertinent information or bar code. Failure to keep or have the spreader slide at approximately a 45 angle.

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