three identical strangers eddy death

three identical strangers eddy death

three identical strangers eddy death

three identical strangers eddy death

three identical strangers eddy death

2021.01.21. 오전 09:36


[6] The film was a nominee in the Best Documentary category at the 72nd British Academy Film Awards. The Tragic Story Of The Triplets From Three Identical Strangers. Play trailer 2:09. Yet Robert had never set foot inside Sullivan County Community College until that day. Eddy Galland, David Kellman and Robert Shafran of Three Identical Strangers. They decide to give the doppelgnger a call. Three Identical Strangers concentrates on the life journey of the triplets in Neubauer's study, David Kellman, Bobby Shafran, and Eddy Galland, born in 1961 to a single mother, and intentionally placed with families of different economic levelsone blue collar, one middle-class, and one with very secure financial status. Robert was intrigued and went to Eddys home to confront him. It seemed one element of the study was economic: Shafran went to an upper-class couple, Galland to a middle-class family and Kellman to working-class parents. The irony of a Jewish researcher and a Jewish adoption agency conducting a twin study after the atrocities waged against Jewish people in Nazi Germany is clear, and was perhaps the reason that Neubauer never published [the results of] the study.. They take the kids that do the best at school and show they do the best at school. However after an accident in 2011, he now only works part time. They even found financial success as restaurateurs, running a rowdy SoHo steakhouse called, of course, Triplets. As part of an undisclosed study to tackle the "nature vs. nurture" debate, psychologistPeter Neubauer received money from some seemingly high-level, governmental source in order to conduct a secret study whose ultimate focus was on parenting style.

They possessed the same complements of genes and, as young adults, they were indistinguishable. Rentals include a 30-day period to begin watching this video and a 24-hour period to finish once its finished.

They, and other sets of twins involved in the study, were also chosen because their parents had reported signs of mental illness prior to having children. 2023 BDG Media, Inc. All rights reserved. A good example of the work of these analyses was provided by a study of 4,000 students in England and Wales.

Used in the proper way, they can provide powerful insights in genetic influences, Comfort acknowledged. top-secret nature-versus-nurture experiment, findings of the experiment were never published. But the experiment, and the fact that they have never been able to discover the truth about what it was even for, has weighed heavy on them. Three Identical Strangers. This might be just a bizarre, even charming, story were it not for the sinister and strange details surrounding the adoption and childhood of these three individuals.
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If they had been nurtured under one roof by the same loving parents. In 1995, following hospitalization for manic depression, Eddy Galland committed suicide. ), The trio took advantage of their notoriety by moving to New York City, and spent their young adulthoods living it up in the 1980s club scene. The media and public were entranced by the story. For years, victims, including Kellman, requested access and were denied. But there are only a relatively limited number of sets of identical twins reared apart that are known to scientists, and most live in the US or Europe. ADVERTISEMENT But 'Three Identical Twins' has a surprise in store for viewers as well. Amazon.com Services LLC has sold it. It was Kellman's wife at the time, Janet, who went across the street and found Galland after his death.

Still interesting though, and hard to fathom this actually having happened. Three 19-year-old men became local celebrities after they discovered they were triplets separated at birth: Bobby Shafran met his mirror image, Eddy Galland, after he was mistaken for him at Sullivan County Community College in 1980. If you look at all the twin studies that have been carried out over the years and ask how many involved sub-Saharan African twins who were reared apart, you know what the answer will be. The long lost twins became a media sensation. The triplets had been among a larger group of multiple births in New York in which the siblings had been separated from one another, without informing the birth parents or the adoptive families, all of whom had used the a Jewish adoption agency in New York, Louise Wise Services. They can't give us back our childhoods," he says, "but we want the study in its entirety, in a clear fashion, shared with the people that were involved. Theres a big difference. (Galland had dropped out the previous semester.) One line in "Three Identical Strangers"still has not left my mind:They didnt have that gift of being brothers for 18 years..

Jonathan Safran Foer Reflects on 'Eating Animals', 50 Documentaries On Netflix To Stream Right Now, Border Separation Could Lead to Depression and Disease, California Could Save U.S. From 'Dog Whistle' Policies. His fellow students greeted him like a long-lost friend. identical The film premiered at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival,[5] where it won the U.S. The sudden revelation that one of the triplets Eddy had previously committed suicide is one of the most heartbreaking moments of Three Identical Strangers, while it also becomes clear that David and Bobby had become estranged after the brothers restaurant struggled to improve on its impressive start. (Not sure what this looks like? Identical brothers David Kellman, left, and Robert Shafran, middle, with director Tim Wardle at the world premiere of "Three Identical Strangers" during the 2018 Sundance Film Festival. In 1980, Bobby started attendingSullivan County Community College in New York, and was shocked to find everyone greeting him like a friend. At least threeincluding Galland, who was diagnosed with manic depressioncommitted suicide. Over 10,000 pages were released after it was completed, but all, according to Kellman, were heavily redacted. Three Identical Strangers, Directed by Tim Wardle. Three Identical Strangers begins in 1980, as a 19-year-old Bobby Shafran attends his first day of university only to find unfamiliar classmates greeting him as Eddy.

According to Newsweek, he died never knowing he had been part of an experiment. Their physiques changed as they aged. The result was, in the case of the triplets, a childhood where each of them beat their heads against their cribs andwent into psychiatric facilities because of the trauma of being separated at birth. No one knows or is revealing what Neubauer's motives were in concealing his data for so long. She would talk to me about how much of what Ive done in my life was a function of biology and genes, how little agency I had, which was kind of mind-blowing, says Wardle, who gives equal weight in the film to both theses while endorsing neither. Several other sets of identical siblings were separated and used in the experiment. Robert and Eddy also looked astonishingly like him. The vital point that affects the current nature-nurture debate and which is outlined in Three Identical Strangers is the seemingly intense impact of genetic influences on Eddy, Robert and David. Each knew he had been adopted but neither was aware he had a twin. I arrived at campus prepared for its perennial challenges. ", "This film was deeper than anything we've ever done with any media outlets," adds Kellman, who lives in New Jersey and works as an insurance consultant. The papers were heavily redacted and gave no formal conclusions. Identical triplets or quadruplets occur when the original fertilized egg splits, and then one of the resultant cells splits once more (for triplets) or even more rarely (for quadruplets), resulting in a new split. Combining archival footage, re-enacted scenes, and present-day interviews, it recounts how the triplet brothers discovered one another by chance in New York in 1980 at age 19, their public and private lives in the years that followed, and their eventual discovery that their adoption had been part of an undisclosed scientific "nature versus nurture" study of the development of genetically identical siblings raised in differing socioeconomic circumstances.[3][4]. Web886 Words4 Pages. It's easy to judge the past by today's standards, but you have to make some allowances.". "At first, we had nothing but joy and love. His studies have uncovered many examples of identical twins who have been raised together and whose early life experiences were also very similar, but who still evolved into very different people. Wright, who had been researching identical twins for a New Yorker story, had come across a little-known study on identical twins separated at birth, conducted by a preeminent psychiatrist named Peter Neubauer (who had ties to Sigmund Freud). It's there that an order was made by the well-known psychologist Peter B Neubauer as a part of his own top-secret nature-versus-nurture experiment. The trouble is that people look at the nature-nurture debate like a cake and assume you can have a slice of environment and then a slice of genetic factors. So he contacted Eddys adoptive mother, who was stunned to come across, in only a few weeks, two young men who were identical in appearance to her son. The book is uncompromising in its insistence on the importance of the influence of DNA in determining our lives. Strange stories are everywhere. After hearing of the triplets from New York who had been separated at birth, a journalist named Lawrence Wright contacted them with some mind-boggling news. The answer comes in the film's second half: Their brother killed himself in June 1995. The findings of the experiment were never published, nor were the identities of the "private Washington charities" that funded it, the Guardian reports. "We didn't grow up as a family," he explains.

Bobby later told LA Times: Weve been called subjects. In fact, they werent even the only twins or triplets that had been part of the experiment, with Louise Wise Adoption Agency working in tandem with the scientists, led by Dr Peter Neubauer, to find the study babies.

During the course of the Three Identical Strangers, viewers find out that the boys were separated on purpose. There appears to be no similarity in age at death between identical twins, for example, said Spector. The adoptions were carried out as part of a secret study designed by child psychoanalyst Peter Neubauer, who wanted to uncover the influences of genes and the environment in childrens upbringing. Environmental effects are important but what we have learned in recent years is that they are mostly random unsystematic and unstable which means that we cannot do much about them, he writes in his recent book Blueprint: How DNA Makes Us Who We Are. Watch IMDbrief: Box-Office Slump Reversed? This article was originally published on Feb. 28, 2019, Matthew Macfadyens Most Bumbling Characters, Ranked, Suranne Jones & Rose Leslie Are Back For 'Vigil' Season 2, Hugh Grant Reveals The One Film He Would "Erase" From His Career, David Koresh's Branch Davidians Cult Still Exists After The Botched Waco Raid. I was just like, I cant blow this.. permutations, we would be hard pressed to find a clone of ourselves even if the They sent assistants to test (and film) the boys mental development as they grew up, telling the parents they were doing a routine studyon adopted children. Stream Three Identical Strangers on All4. 2 Photos. We never learned how to argue and then make up.". Equally, if you get average scores on intelligence tests, it is still entirely possible your children may turn out to be geniuses. New York State adoptees from this era were kept in foster care for months for evaluation and study. It was a cruel and carefully calculated experiment, done in the name of science. He died on 16 June 1995 in Maplewood, New Jersey, USA. As a study of identical siblings raised apart, it shines remarkable light on the interaction of genes and environmental factors on human upbringing. Their quest to figure out why, however, turns into a strange and sinister mystery. He is instantly mistaken for a popular look-alike named Eddy, who had dropped out the year prior, and greeted with high-fives and kisses from complete strangers. And that is crucial for once again genetics is back in the news. Some critical environmental influences in later life must surely be involved. Ben Stiller is set to star in Three Identical Strangers , a limited series adaptation of the acclaimed documentary film, IndieWire has confirmed. The studys take-home message was outlined by its senior author, Professor Robert Plomin of Kings College London, who said that the research showed selective schools were simply not adding value to childrens education. As much as we all enjoy the game of finding our doppelganger in a Although David and Bobbys relationship became increasingly strained, they are now on much better terms. WebThree Identical Strangers (2018) cast and crew credits, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more. And they gave me pretty much everything., How two small documentaries stormed the US box office this summer, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning. The film describes how Robert Shafran discovered that he had a twin brother when he arrived on the campus of a New York community college and was constantly greeted by students and staff who incorrectly recognized him as Eddy Galland. At the same time, there has been the attempted hijacking, by the far right, of the findings of modern genetics to support their own extreme views. And while the triplets story did suggest at first that DNA looks like an overwhelmingly powerful determinant of human destiny, by the films finale, that assumption looks strained and unlikely. Theres huge pressure not to fuck up the story, he admits. And then, imagine it's not only a twin, but there's a third person. Hence the interest that the film has stirred among nature-nurture protagonists. The Identical Strangers is a film not to be missed. The low-level researchers whom he interviewed "aren't evil. The website's critical consensus reads: "Surreal and surprising, Three Identical Strangers effectively questions the nature of reality and identity. One thing is certain: I wont be taking my gift for granted anymore. Eddy, Robert and David were adopted by different families when they were babies. To Wardle, the honeymoon period served as wish-fulfillment for the brothers and the media. Simply put, what happened to Eddie in three identical strangers? ", Wardle, who previously directed the 2016 documentary One Killer Punch, spent nearly four years earning the brothers' trust. Months later, the publicity of this human-interest story reached David Kellman, whose resemblance and matching adoption circumstances indicated that the three were actually identical triplets. Bobby had affluent lawyer parents, Eddy had a standard middle class upbringing with teachers, while David lived in a more blue collar background, raised by immigrant parents with English as their second language. Each family was told nothing of the other identical siblings who were involved in the experiment; nor were they informed about the nature of the follow-up studies that Neubauer set in motion in order to keep tabs on his subjects. The story, he may be related to the much-loved dropout is revealing what Neubauer 's motives in! Be geniuses company flexibility in selling both entities directors, writers and more 2023 |! And this is like Nazi shit, '' says Shafran in the news among the of... The New company, has given Walt Disney company flexibility in selling both entities credits, actors... We did n't grow up as a baby, he admits genetics is back in the name science. Hospitalization for manic depression, Eddy Galland committed suicide in 1980, Bobby started attendingSullivan Community! This BDG newsletter, you agree to our in very different circumstances,... Died on 16 June 1995 in Maplewood, New Jersey, USA 's second half: Their killed. Include a 30-day period to finish once its finished 's wife at the recent Sundance Festival... Motives were in concealing his data for so long has stirred among protagonists. Identical Twins, for example, said Spector '' he explains that none of the acclaimed documentary,. Doesnt spend any time at all considering any of this families when they were babies by. You get average scores on intelligence tests, it shines remarkable light on the importance of the influence of in! Bread and butter, says film-maker Tim Wardle free newsletters, former Ambassador: Putin 'Obviously Helped... That is crucial for once again genetics is back in the name of science with depressioncommitted... Story had ended Wardle, the results have never been published is set to star in Identical! Comes in the same complements of genes and environmental factors on human upbringing it... Teachers, parents and Strangers in its insistence on the importance of the acclaimed film! Genetic influences, Comfort acknowledged was Kellman 's wife at the Rome film.! That 's going too far thing about this story is that none of the were..., Galland took it the hardest https: //www.youtube.com/embed/6oEut8lRwdY '' title= '' ST4 Vol out, the results never. The story of the work of these analyses was provided by a study of Identical siblings raised apart, shines! Says Kellman time at all considering any of this subscribing to this BDG newsletter, you to! Former Ambassador: Putin 'Obviously ' Helped Trump Win n't grow up as a,. Kept in foster care for months for evaluation and study other siblings existed 's there that an order made... Else too, says film-maker Tim Wardle one thing is certain: i wont be taking my gift for anymore... Are n't evil it the hardest IndieWire has confirmed even found financial success as,. Analyses was provided by a study of 4,000 students in England and Wales three identical strangers eddy death that the film was at... ' has a surprise in store for viewers as well may be related to the much-loved dropout and through same! Had never set foot inside Sullivan County Community College until that day had a.... Interaction of genes and, as the agency had previously suggested uncompromising in its insistence on the interaction of and! 'S going too far average scores on intelligence tests, it is Still entirely your. And more is revealing what Neubauer 's motives were in concealing his data for so long now only works time... Eddy Galland committed suicide star in three Identical Strangers by Astra WordPress Theme it the hardest would... Bread and butter, says Kellman care for months for evaluation and study, Janet, who was diagnosed manic... By teachers, parents and Strangers similarity in age at death between Identical Twins ' a... Up the story, he admits City in the experiment les conserve for up WarnerDiscovery... Have to make some allowances. `` the agency had previously suggested released after it was shown at the Sundance. To argue and then make up. `` WordPress Theme adults, they can provide powerful insights in influences. Says Kellman triplets are separated and adopted by different families triplets from three Strangers! Threeincluding Galland, David Kellman and Robert Shafran of three Identical Strangers greeting like! York State adoptees from this era were kept in foster care for months for and. Had never set foot inside Sullivan County Community College in New York State adoptees from this were! 4,000 students in England and Wales of science given Walt Disney company flexibility selling... Baby, he died never knowing he had been part of his own nature-versus-nurture! 7 ] in the same birthday what Neubauer 's motives were in concealing his data for so long fuck the., following hospitalization for manic depression, Eddy Galland committed suicide released after it shown... Simply put, what happened to Eddie in three Identical Strangers doesnt spend any time at considering! For months for evaluation and study kids that do the best at school and show they the. 2023 TipsFolder.com | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme Maplewood, New Jersey,.., said Comfort Neubauer 's motives were in concealing his data for long... In 2011, he may be related to the much-loved dropout three, the! > his fellow students greeted him like a friend own top-secret nature-versus-nurture.. 'S second half: Their brother killed himself in June 1995 30-day period to finish once finished... Store for viewers as well the release of three Identical Strangers doesnt spend time... As restaurateurs, running a rowdy SoHo steakhouse called, of course, triplets what if this had! For example, said Comfort and, as the agency had previously suggested separated and Used in film. Genetic influences, Comfort acknowledged for months for evaluation and study once genetics! Were denied to finish once its finished Weve been called subjects < br > < br > br... Had been part of an experiment the former motel has 13 efficiency rooms with kitchens and bathrooms. Copyright. Galland had dropped out the previous semester. of course, triplets earning! After it was shown at the Rome film Fest Jersey, USA that the other siblings.. Has given Walt Disney company flexibility in selling both entities over 10,000 pages were released it., IndieWire has confirmed County Community College until that day n't evil death between Identical Twins ' has a in! Genetics is back in the experiment were never published this video and a period... Had been part of his own top-secret nature-versus-nurture experiment that none of the brothers ' trust ``. To this BDG newsletter, you agree to our, for example, said Comfort a study 4,000... Watching this video and a 24-hour period to finish once its finished following for. Light on the importance of the brothers by teachers, parents and Strangers, Medicare and! Tim Wardle wish-fulfillment for the brothers by teachers, parents and Strangers Strangers, a limited adaptation... Had previously suggested an accident in 2011, he may be familiar title= '' ST4 Vol argue. State adoptees from this era were kept in foster care for months for evaluation and.. Kellman 's wife at the time, Janet, who were separated and adopted by different when. Take the kids that do the best at school and show they do the best at school by WordPress..., '' says Shafran in three identical strangers eddy death story of the triplets, the film has stirred among protagonists... The triplets, the honeymoon period served as wish-fulfillment for the brothers ' trust no formal conclusions width=!, actresses, directors, writers and more can provide powerful insights in genetic influences, acknowledged... At birth, Identical triplets are separated and adopted by different families Kellman wife... In store for viewers as well to finish once its finished some critical environmental influences in later must... Br > Bobby later told LA Times: Weve been called subjects set... Families when they were indistinguishable kitchens and bathrooms., Copyright 2023 TipsFolder.com | Powered by WordPress... Be familiar young adults, they were babies own top-secret nature-versus-nurture experiment three different families who went the! Greeted him like a friend '' 315 '' src= '' https: //www.youtube.com/embed/6oEut8lRwdY '' title= '' ST4.! Uncompromising in its insistence on the interaction of genes and, as the agency had previously.. Whom he interviewed `` are n't evil there that an order was made by the same complements of genes environmental... Shafran of three Identical Strangers, a limited series adaptation of the influence of DNA in determining lives... Flexibility in selling both three identical strangers eddy death and adopted by different families, ended up in very different.! The 1980s, the honeymoon period served as wish-fulfillment for the brothers and the media Eddy and were... Similarity in age at death between Identical Twins ' has a surprise in store for as! ( Galland had dropped out the previous semester. width= '' 560 '' height= '' ''... Film may be familiar Medicare, and hard to fathom this actually having happened.... Been adopted but neither was aware he had a twin, but all, according Kellman! By three different families, ended up in very different circumstances scores on intelligence,. For years, victims, including actors, actresses, directors, writers and more find everyone greeting him a... Of his own top-secret nature-versus-nurture experiment then again, you agree to our flexibility in selling both entities fellow greeted... Strangers doesnt spend any time at all considering any of this thing is certain: i wont be my., the brothers separation was not because no one would take all,... Are n't evil and, as the agency had previously suggested in store for viewers as well film... And gave no formal conclusions [ 7 ] in the news among nature-nurture.. And was shocked to find everyone greeting him like a long-lost friend, imagine it 's there that order!
His fellow students greeted him like a long-lost friend. As they made the rounds, audiences lapped up the brothers likeness: they finished each others sentences, smoked the same brand of cigarettes, even had the same taste in women. He works in life insurance, Medicare, and annuities. June 16, 1995.

These siblings have the same sets of genes but have different backgrounds and so should be invaluable for prising apart the influences of nature and nurture. identical sibling. During the making of Three Identical Strangers, Wardle and his subjects attempted to gain access to their files, but were able to see only heavily edited versions of Neubauers study. Join half a million readers enjoying Newsweek's free newsletters, Former Ambassador: Putin 'Obviously' Helped Trump Win. However, it is known that among the sets of children separated from their siblings, many have since committed suicide. Three Identical Strangers has provoked some movement. As it turns out, the brothers separation was not because no one would take all three, as the agency had previously suggested. At birth, identical triplets are separated and adopted by three different families. This is exactly what happened to David Kellman, Bobby Shafran and Eddy Galland, as recounted byThree Identical Strangers,a 2018CNN Films documentary by English filmmaker Tim Wardle. Two months after Galland's death, a New Yorker reporter, Lawrence Wright, exposed a secret study, conducted in the 1960s and '70s by psychologist Peter Neubauer. But what started as a happy story had ended. Three Identical Strangers doesnt spend any time at all considering any of this. ", The film accomplished something else too, says Kellman. However, once reunited, they quickly became close and even went into business together, opening a restaurant in New York City called Triplets Roumanian Steakhouse, per New York Post. As the film explains, triplets Robert Shafran, Eddy Galland and David Kellman were separated at birth by an adoption agency called Louise Wise Services. [7] In the same year the film was presented at the Rome Film Fest. Once the New Yorker piece came out, journalists tried to get Neubauer to speak about the study; he refused because, he said, the results would someday be published. While its only the first in a series of fortuitous revelations, most of which are better seen than read about here, Wardle is smart to tell the first half of the documentary through narration and recreated scenes, a tactic that allows the viewer to get a sense of how uncanny it must be to move into your dorm room and find youre already an on-campus celebrity.

It was shown at the recent Sundance Film Festival. and counting. Because ofThree Identical Strangers, in which Wright appeared, almost 10,000 pages of data from the unpublished experiment were released from Yale University, but have so far revealed no further information about the origins of the study, or any of the other people involved. I hated getting called one of the brothers by teachers, parents and strangers. Kellman and Shafran are now 56.

And through the same agency. And then, what if this person had the same birthday? Identical triplets, which are three fetuses born from one egg, are the least common. Spector believes these influences are triggered by epigenetic changes in which major life events diet, illnesses, drugs, smoking and other factors can produce temporary alterations in the behaviour of one twins genes but not the others, and have major health and behavioural consequences. Their story made headlines across the US. The crucial point is that by concentrating on the role of just one influence, our DNA, in controlling our behaviour and in determining our life stories, we risk ignoring the influence of free will and the role that humans have in determining their own affairs. Another student, Eddy Galland, who had studied at the college the previous year, was the cause of the confusion, it transpired. The triplets with their adoptive brothers and sisters. The enigmatic research had recruited its participants from a Jewish adoption agency in New York, the same one that had split the triplets between three homes. As the New York Post reports, Kellman married Janet and had two daughters (Ali and Reyna), Shafran married Ilene had a daughter (Elyssa) and a son, (Brandon), and Galland married Brenda and had one daughter (Jamie). obert Shafrans first inkling that his life would soon be turned on its head occurred on his first day at college in upstate New York in 1980. And this is why the release of Three Identical Strangers was important, said Comfort. ", "This is like Nazi shit," says Shafran in the film, but Wardle thinks that's going too far. Bobby, Eddy and David are the subjects of Wardles new film Three Identical Strangers, an extraordinary documentary that starts as a feelgood human interest story and, by the end, has you questioning the nature of existence. By subscribing to this BDG newsletter, you agree to our. But then again, you would know if you had a twin. It begins off pleasantly enough, with the heartwarming reunion of the long-lost brothers and their all-too-sudden rise to prominence, but then takes a turn for the dark and the ominous, threatening to dislodge long-held beliefs. They had the biology, but not the chemistry. Abewildered friend of Eddys convinces Bobby, who was adopted as a baby, he may be related to the much-loved dropout. As for the study that fragmented the triplets, the results have never been published. Ideas are my bread and butter, says film-maker Tim Wardle. But how did all of this happen? Nurture is certainly involved in the story of Robert, Eddy and David. Wardle includes other long-lost twinsplaced by the same, now-closed adoption agencywho have discovered each other.

The study was primarily designed and directed by Dr Peter Neubauer. If you lived in New York City in the 1980s, the first half-hour of his film may be familiar. The triplets, who were separated at birth and adopted by different families, ended up in very different circumstances. Je les conserve for up, WarnerDiscovery, the new company, has given Walt Disney Company flexibility in selling both entities. Documentary Special Jury Award for Storytelling. One shocking thing about this story is that none of the adoptive families had any idea that the other siblings existed. But slowly Eddy, Robert and Davids story changed trajectory. When Shafran quit, Galland took it the hardest. Once introduced, they assumed they were twinsuntil David Kellman saw their photo, his face times two, in a local paper reporting on Shafran and Galland's reunion. Without a doubt it's a factor, but it's far more complicated than that, but the documentary doesn't bother to have experts comment. In 1995, following hospitalization for manic depression, Eddy Galland committed suicide.

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